Conidia can escape from a small opening at the top of the acervulus and are dispersed mainly by splashing water or rain. In the spring, conditions are ideal for the production of conidia, the asexual reproductive structures, and ascospores, the sexual reproductive structures. The survival fruiting body structures, acervuli, can continue to develop in foliage beneath snow cover. earliana starts with the fungus overwintering in infected leaves. Leaf scorch seriously weakens the host plant, greatly reducing the ability to tolerate drought stress and the ability and lowering resistance to winter damage. Very rarely, the sexual structure apothecia that develop in advanced lesions of the plant can be seen. When the acervuli accumulate into masses, they resemble little drops of tar. These spots are specialized asexual fruiting bodies called acervuli. Minuscule dark, black spots are a sign of the fungus. Strawberry leaf scorch infects all parts of the flower, leading to unattractive blemishes on the fruit (strawberries). If these streaks are severe enough, they may lead to the bowing of the petiole which in turn kills the leaf.
It is common for the petioles of the leaves to have purple, sunken lesions that resemble streaks. As the leaf scorch progresses over time, the leaves turn brown and dry up, resembling a burnt or “scorched” appearance as indicated by its disease name. These symptoms are different from strawberry leaf spot which has brown lesions with defined borders and a lighter center. The disease is characterized by numerous small, purplish to brownish lesions (from 1/16 to 3/16 of an inch in diameter) with undefined borders on the upper surface of the leaf. The disease mainly infects strawberry leaves at any stage of its life cycle, but may infect all parts of the strawberry plant, including the petioles, fruits, and stems. The host of Diplocarpon earliana is the strawberry plant. Losses range from negligible to severe depending on numerous epidemiological factors including cultivar susceptibility, type of cropping system, and weather conditions Diplocarpon earliana affects the fruit quality and yield of the strawberry crop. Control of strawberry leaf scorch is important because it is responsible for the majority of disease in strawberries. The five main methods to reduce strawberry leaf scorch include: irrigation techniques, crop rotation, planting resistant and disease-free seeds, fungicide use, and sanitation measures. The disease overwinters in plant debris and infects strawberry plants during the spring season when it is wet. Mollisia earliana (Ellis & Everh.) Sacc., (1889)ĭiplocarpon earlianum is a species of fungus that causes disease in strawberry plants called strawberry leaf scorch. Marssonina potentillae (Desm.) Magnus, (1906) Marssonina fragariae (Lib.) Kleb., (1918) Marssoniella fragariae (Lib.) Höhn., (1920) Gloeosporium fragariae (Lib.) Mont., (1849) Wolf, (1924)įabraea earliana (Ellis & Everh.) Seaver, (1951)
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